JLPT N2 Vocabulary: What’s the Difference Between “Tsumiageru” (積み上げる) and “Kasaneru” (重ねる)?
Japanese learners often ask: What’s the difference between 積み上げる (tsumiageru) and 重ねる (kasaneru)? Both can be translated as “pile up” or “stack,” but they’re used differently in Japanese. Let’s look at the dictionary definitions and how they’re used in real life.
Dictionary Meanings(国語辞典の定義)
From the Gakken New Rainbow Elementary Japanese Dictionary(学研新レインボー 小学国語辞典):
積み上げる。 – Tsumiageru
① Putting things on top of each other to make a pile
(ある物の上に他の物を上げて、つむ。)
Example: I piled books like a mountain.
② Repeating something step by step to build up
(ある物事を、段階を追ってくり返しておこなう。)
Example: Build up achievements steadily.
重ねる – Kasaneru
① Placing something on top of another thing
(物の上に、さらに物をのせる。)
Example: Stack books one on another.
② Repeating actions or experiences
(くり返す。)
Example: Go through repeated hardships.
Key Differences at a Glance(主な違い)
Word |
Image |
Usage |
Key Concept |
---|---|---|---|
積み上げる。 |
Tower, build-up |
Books, blocks, effort, experience (本、積木、努力、経験) |
Building or accumulating over time (時間をかけて積み重ねる) |
重ねる | Layers, repeat |
Clothes, dishes, memories, mistakes (服、皿、記憶、ミス) |
Layering or repetition (重ねること、繰り返すこと) |
Example Sentences(例文)
積み上げる。
Pile up books like a mountain.
I passed the exam by steadily building up my efforts.
Gradually build up achievements.
重ねる
Fold and stack clothes neatly.
Lost trust by repeating mistakes.
Become stronger by going through hardships.
Conclusion(まとめ)
While both words can relate to “stacking” or “repeating,” their nuance is different.
- 積み上げる: Building upward, like constructing something over time.
積み上げるは「時間をかけて積み重ねていく」という意味です。 - 重ねる: Layering or repeating similar actions or items.
重ねるは「物を重ねること」や「行動や経験を繰り返すこと」を意味します。
Understanding the subtle difference helps express your thoughts more naturally in Japanese — especially at the JLPT N2 level.
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